 |
|
First Reading, Second Reading, Third Reading, Fourth Reading, Fifth Reading, Sixth Reading, Seventh Reading, Last Reading |
 |
First Reading, Second Reading, Third Reading, Fourth Reading, Fifth Reading, Sixth Reading, Seventh Reading, Last Reading |
Kedoshim |  |
|
| | 19:31 |
Do not turn to mediums, nor seek out oracles, so as to defile yourselves through them. I am God your Lord.
Al-tichnu el-ha'ovot ve'el-hayid'onim al-tevakshu letom'ah vahem ani Adonay Eloheychem. |
| 19:32 |
Stand up before a white head, and give respect to the old. You shall thus fear your God. I am God.
Mipney seyvah takum vehadarta peney zaken veyareta me'Eloheycha ani Adonay. |
| 19:33 |
Fourth Reading Sixth Reading
When a proselyte comes to live in your land, do not hurt his feelings.
Vechi-yagur itcha ger be'artsechem lo tonu oto. |
|
Commentary:
mediums
Ov in Hebrew. This is a type of necromancy, often involving a human skull (Sanhedrin 65b; Rambam, Bertenoro on Sanhedrin 7:7). It was used to communicate with the dead (1 Samuel 28:3-9). In many cases, it may involve ventriloquism, eggastrimuthos in Greek (Septuagint). The medium makes a voice appear to come from under his arm (Sanhedrin 65a,b) or from the ground (Isaiah 29:4; Ralbag, Abarbanel on 1 Samuel 28:7). The methods can also involve meditation and incense drugs (Yad, Avodath Kokhavim 6:1; Sefer HaMitzvoth, Negative 2). He can also use these means to produce illusions and hallucinations (Saadia). Some identify the ov with pythonism, the methods of the Delphic oracle (Sanhedrin 65a). Pytho is the old name for Delphi (see Odyssey 8:79-81).
| oracles
Yedoni in Hebrew. They are described as chirping like a bird (Isaiah 8:19), perhaps a form of glossolalia. The Talmud likewise states that this involved the bone of a bird (Sanhedrin 65b), and most probably incense drugs and meditation (Yad, Avodath Kokhavim 6:2; Sefer HaMitzvoth, Negative 9; Ralbag). Here the Septuagint translates yedoni as proskolliethiesesthe, denoting one who seeks to open the mystical. Elsewhere, it is translated as gnostas (on 1 Samuel 28:9), one who seeks gnostic experiences.
|
|
Navigating the Bible
